Dump-scoop.



G. W. HARKINS.

DUMP SCOOP. APPLlcAioN HLED Aue.5 .1915* Patented Sept. 12,1916.

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G. W. HARKINS.

DUMP Scoor.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.5, 1915.

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G. W. HARKINS.

DUMP SCOOP.

APPucAnoN man AuG.5,1915.

67 JZ K 67 ATTDRNEY.

WHNESS'EE A 'rn'. sracresra oFF-ron'.

GEORGE W. HARKENS, EAMEYS, PENNSYLVANIA.

DUMP-scoor.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented sept.' 12, 1916.

Application filed August 5,- 1915. Serial No. 43,711.v l

To all whom t muy concern Be it' known that I, Geenen l/V. HARKINS, a citizen ot' the United States of America,

and resident of Harveys, county of GreenelV and State of Pen'nsylvahia, have inventedl certain new and useful Improvements in Dump-Scoops, of which the following is a specification.

rlhis'invention relates broadly to excavating apparatus, and specifically to Van 'ea th-shifting scoop. Y

The primary object of the invention is to provide an vearth scoop of large capacity and adapted particularly `for road building, which may be operated both forward and `backward and which embodies automatic tion, arrangement of parts and combinations of elements which will hereinafter be fully described, reference being had ,to the accompanying drawings,- torming a part of this specification, in vvhich- Figure l is a top plan view 'of the invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, showing the scoop in scooping position; Fig. 3 is an elevation oi the opposite side of the machine` showing: the scoop elevated in carrying position; Fig. i is a longitudinal section taken substantially on the lineal- 4, Fig. l. showing the scoop in scooping position: Fig. 5 is a similar section'showing the scoop in dumping i Isitiong Fig. 6 is .a par-I tial transverse scction on line i-6, ll`ig.2; Fig. T is an clcvation of the rear endof the invention: and Fig'. 8 is a section online.,

sus. Fic. T.

Referring to designatingr characters distinguish like parts throughout the several views-1 indicates .generally a substantially rectangular frame which has its front and rear end lportions 2 and il pivotally connected. as by meansfof horizontallyv disposed kingboltsl and 5, to axle members G and 7, respectively; saidl said drawings, in which like Ffing. located axle members being' mounted upon the upright stems 8 of casters having wheels 9.

J ournaled in suitable bearings 10 mounted at opposite sides of the frame in a manner which will hereinafter be explained and substantially midway between the end portions 2 and 3 of said frame is a .shaft 11 on which are pivotally mounted the substan-y tially upright side members l2 of an earth 'scoop 12. Said' scoop is open at both'ends and preferably has both ends of its bottom provided with removable transversely dis'` posed cutters l5. Said scoop is adapted to l e inclined either forward or backward, ac-

cordiingas it is desired to render it operative for lifting earth in the forward or rearward travel or" the machine; and, for the purpose of affording a closure for the end of the scoop opposite that which is lowered into' scooping relation to the earth, a reversible 'back or end gpte is provided, thessarne com.

prising substhtially parallel members 16 rotatably mounted on said shaft adjacent to:

the side members l2 ot' the scoop and a transverse portion lo connecting the outer ends of said parallel members 16.

with respect to either end of the scoop.

Journaled in suitable bearings 1T carried by the lower side members '-13 of the frame adjacent to the front end of the latter`is` a shaft'l upon the outer ends of which are loosely attached the ends of the oppositely disposed 'arins 19 `of a yoke-shaped tongue or coupling member 19 adapted for coupling to a traction engine or the like. Stay chains -20 have their rear ends attached to the frontq axle at or adjacent to the opposite ends of .the latter and are adapted to..have their front ends' attached "td-'the engnefor caws-- ing'the machine to track therewith. c

A shaft 18 corresponding substantially to` .AS iS' obvious, said back is adapted to be swungon the shaft lltovoccupy a closmg position shaft 18 is ,journaledirr bearings 1Ta carried 100 "by the frame adjacent to the rearv end of the latter.V Fixed dn'the shafts 18 and-18` --drag-hooks 21 and 21a, ar

respectively are ranged "rn pairs, the hooks of eachv shaft be` adjacent tov the sides of the frame and being adaptedin'one position to interengage outwardly directed pins or studs j 22 fixed on the outer 'faces of the side meinsv bers 12" of the scoop at points near the adjacent 'end ofthe latter, said vtiring-hooks be-l l.. ing designed tddirectly carry lmuch of thestrain of dragging the scoop lforward vagainst a breast of earth which would otherwise be imposed upon its supportingl shaft 1l. W'hen not disposed inoperative relation to the scoop, said dragehooks are carried in substantially upright positions, as shown in the drawings. The movement ot' the hooks l2l to and from operative position is accomplished by means ot a suitably located hand-ope 'ated lever 23 having one end pivotally connected to a crank-arm ifi carried bythe shaft 18, said lever being lowered and raised respectively to move said hooks to and from operative position. The movement ot' the hooks 21 to and from operative positionl is accomplished by 'means of a hand-operated lever 25 which is pivotally connected to a crank arm 26 carried by one end of a shaft 27 which is journaled in bearings 28 mounted at suitable points on the frame adjacent to the rear end of the latter'. .A cranlnarm 29 carried by the opposite end ot' said shaft 27 and disposed at a suitable angle to the crank-arm 26 has pivotally connected thereto one end of a link 30 the opposite end of which is pivotally attached to the outer end of a cranlnarm 31 which is fixed on shaft 18a. As is obvious, the low ering of the drag-hooks Q1 from their upright positions is effected by movement oi the lever 25 in a rearward direction, and vice versa.

The upper frame members M of the frame are extended forward over the front axle as shown at 14 and support on the extension an operator-s platform 3:2 at points convenient to which the levers and 25 are located. i

The bearings 10 in which the shaft 11. is journaled, as hereinbefo're described, are movable vertically, thus permitting the raising and lowering ot said shat't tor eli'ecting the raising and lowering ot' the scoop. Said bearings are rigidly mounted upon the lower ends ot' vertically disposed rack-bars 3? .the teeth oi which are in engagement with the teeth ot gearwhcels 3i carried upon the rear ends of horizontally disposed shafts 35 `which lie longitudinally with respect to the frame, being journaled in bearings Z-ii n'iounted upon the upper frame members il.

. Said shalfts 35 carry upon their-iront ends bevel gears 37 in mesh with similar gears 38 carried upon the opposite ends ot' a transversely disposed shaft 39 which is suitably' journaled on the frame. One end of said shaft 39 is extended beyond the adjacent gear 38 and carries on said extension a large spur gear 40 which `meshes with a smaller extension 14 and the platform 32.

spur gear 4l fixed on the. outerend of a short shaft 42 journaled in bearings 43 and 44 carried respectively by the adjacent frame A hand.

- wheel 45 is lixed on the inner end ot'said 4extension li and the platform 32.

may, through the intermediate mechanism described, elevate and lower the scoop.

The end of the shaft 1l on the side of the machine opposite that on which the spur gears -lfO and 4-1 are located is extended out ward beyond its bearing l() 'and has fixed thereon a sprocket wheel to which is connected by a sprocket chain 47 to a sprocket wheel 48 fixed on the outer end ot' a short shaft 49 journalcd in brarings 50 and 5l carried respectively by the adjacent frame A hand wheel 52 is fixed on the inner end of said shattl) by means of which the operator may, through the intermediate mechanism described, partially rotate the shaftll for moving the scoop to any desired inclination. For maintaining the rack-bars 33 in rigid upright position with their teeth in engagement with those of their respective actuating gears 3l, anti-friction rollers (it are disposed against the backs ol said rack-bars, said rollers beingl mounted upon pins of which have their ends mounted in the outer ends ot parallel arms (SiS the opposite ends oi' which are loosely mounted on the ad jacent shafts 35 on opposite sides of thc gear wheels 34. As is obvious, it is essential that the frame l be supported in rigid relation to at least one of the axle members (i or 7 in order that its upright position may be maintained. Further, itis desirable that the front axle, when the truck is traveling in a forward direction, and the r ar axle, when the truck travels in a rearward direction, shall be free' to rock on its king-bolt with respect to said frame in order that the wheels thcreotl may mount and pass over obstructions or inequalities in the roadway in advance of the truck 'without disturbing the equilibrium ot' the truck asa whole, it being understood that the scoop clears the way for the rearmost wheels, allowing the latter to travel upon a substantially smooth and horizontal track'. For the purpose of interlocking the,

mounted on cach end portion and otl they trame over the a xlcs i3 and 7 one of said members being pivotally mounted adiacent to each end of the associated axle. Each locking member consists of a body of substantially cam shape adapted when in lowered position to rest firmly upon the top of the axle, preventing upward movementof the latter with respect to the frame. An arm 57', preferably formed integral, with the body of said member 57, extends in va direction diametrically opposite said` body. Extending transversely across the truck and having its opposite ends connected to the arms 57 oi' opposite locking members is a pair of pulleys 5t) located on the end. of the yso .in locking position with respect to the frame at suitable points. Connected at opposite ends to the chains or cables 5,8 located .it opposite ends of the frame is a longitudinally disposed cable (i0 which is passed over pulleys 6l supported upon standards 62 at such a height above the frame that it will not interfere with the operation of the scoop, as shown in Fig. The ends of said cable G0 are connected to the cables 5S between the pulleys 5S) so that movement of said cable (SO in one direction will produce simultaneous and corresponding movement of the locking members 5T from the full line positions shown in Fig. T to the positions indicated in dotted lines in said figure. The cables and il() are so adjusted that. when one pair ot locking members 57 is disposed underlyingzy axle. the opposite pair ot locking members is elevated to inoperative position. Consequently, when one pair of locking members is elevated from operative to inoperative position by hand power applied to the cable (30, the opposite pair of locking men'ibers drops from inoperative to opera tive position. Y

Bolted or riveted to each side ot the scoop intern'iediate the ends of the latter is a metal bar b3 having* its opposite ends sprung outward and extended parallel to the scoop. Said vends have eyes formed therein which receive the outer ends of the pins carried by ,the scoop, and conse qucntly constitute bearings which serve to hold said pins in proper position against thc strains imposed thereon hooks which engage therewith. Further said bars serve as `guards whereby the draghoolts are, when lowered; guided into and maintained in proper relation to the pins. sleeve (3T preferably fitted over the-body otcach pin J2 between the adjacent bar and thc side ot the scoop. said sleeve being deA signed to prevent said bar from being sprung inward into a position where it would interfere with the dran-hook when the latter is lowered to operative position.

The frame l with the wheel-supporttal axle members constitutes a truck t'or carrying the scoop and the mechanism employed for operating the latter. A

ln practice, the tongue or coupling1 member l) is coupled to a source or" motive power, as a traction engine. and the stay chains 20 are attached at tiiied points on said engfinc Yfor maintaining the truck in such relation tothe latter that .it will track therewith in traveling forward and will travel the course followed by the engine in moving rearward. The shatt il is then adjusted to a position f or supporting' the scoop at a proper height, am the scoop is inclined to working' position, either the front oi rear ond thereof being iowcred according as the truck is to be advanced or moved rearward;

by the dragafter which the drag-hooks adjacent to the lowered end are moved into engagement with the pins or studs 22 of lsaid end, and the end gate vlf'is disposed in a position closing: the elevated end of the scoop.- lVhen the scoop has picked up its load lof earth, its front end may be elevated so that a horizontal carrying position is assumed thereby, as shown in Fig. 8, which position will be maintained until the dumping place is reached. `Prior to so elevating the scoop, the drag-hooks are elevated out of engagement with the scoop by the application of hand power to lever 23. Then, the lowered end of the scoop is elevated by hand power applied to the hand-wheel 52, the shaft ll being thereby actuated to turn in its bearings. lii'hen the dumping place is reached, the hand-wheel i5 is turned to bodily elevate the,scoop-carrying shaft 1l through the intermediate mechanism to a suflicient height to enable the scoop to be dumped, whereupon Athe open end of the scoop is allowed to drop by releasingthe toot brake which served to maintain hand wheel stationary,the scoop then assuming substantially the load-dumpin cj position shown in Fig. After dumping, the scoop is again returned to its operative position by means of the adjusting mechanisms hereinbefore described.

1While l havel herein shown and'described my invention in what l now consider to be its simplest torni. it is obvious that numerous minor changes in the construction and arrangement of various parts may be rc, sorted to without departing from the. gen' eral spirit or scope ot' the invention as de: lined in the appendedclaims..

What is claimed isz-'- 1. The combination with a scoop mopnt-` cd upon a truck and adapted to assume forward and rearward sc ooping positions, of oppositely disposed pairs of drag' hooks. one paix,l ot said hooks being: adapted to engage said scoop when in forwardscooping position. and the other pair bcinpr adapted to engage said scoop when in rearward scoopingf position.

The combination with a reversible scoop mounted upon a wheeled truck adapted to be driven in forwardl and rearward directions. ot' a pair of drag hooks adapted to engage said scoop adjacent the cutting edge thereof when said scoop is, being operated forwardly, and a second pair ot' drag hooks adapted to engage said scoop adjacent the cuttingr edge thereoic when said scoop is being operated rear vardly.

ln an earth-working machine, a trame mounted upon wheels and adapted to be moved in forward and rearward directions. a scoop mounted upon 'said frame and adapted to assume jt'r'irward and rearward scooping positions. a pair of drag hooks mounted upon said frame and adapted to engage said scoop when in a `forward scoopiiig' position, and a second pair of drag hooks adapted to engage said scoop when iii rearward scooping position.

al. In a scooping apparatus, a frame mounted iipon wheels and adapted to he moved either in forward or rearward direction` a reversible scoop carried by said frame, means ioi adjusting the elevation ot' said scoop, means for actuating said scoop to assume either forward or rearward inclined scooping position, a pair ol drapY hooks adapted to engage the lowered end of said scoop when iii forward scooping),V position, means for moving said. hooks to and from operative position, a second pair oi dragl hooks adapted to engage the lowered end ot' said scoop when in rearward scooping position` and means for moving the lastmentioned hooks to and from operative position.

ln a seoopinzgr apparatus, a wheeled. trame adapted to he moved either Vforward or rearward, hearings carried liv said frame, iiieaiis for adjusting the elevation ol said hearings, a shaft ioiirnaled in sai. hearings. means for rocking' said Shaft hackward and forward, a reversilile scoop Xed to said shaft and adapted to assume either forward or rearward inclined scoopiiig positions, a pair otl drag lioolis adapted to en gage the lowered end ol: said scoop when in forward scoopiiif..r position, and a. second pair oie drag, hooks adapted to engage the lowered end of said scoop when iii rearward snoopingr iiosition.

(3. In a seoopingv apparatus, a frame mounted upon wheels and adapted to he moved in forward and rearward directions, bearines carried bhv said `trame, means for adliii.Vr the elevation of said hearings, a. shaft joiiinaled iii said hearings, means for roel-zinesaid shaft backward or 'forwarifh a scoop ixed to said shaft and adapted to assiiine 'loi-ward and rearward inclined scoopingi positions, a reversil le ond-gate said siroop loos iiioiiiiteil upon said sh Vtwo pairs of digg liooliszvailaptl with said scoop. one

of said painsfoj erativeif-J engaging said scoop when 'tlie latoccupies a forward scooping position while the other pair remains inoperative, and vice i'i'rsa, and independently operable means for moving said paii'sot hooks to and from operative positions.

7. In an learth working apparatus, a frame pivotally connected at each end to wheeled axles., means for locking said frame againstvv pivotal movement with respect to oit-her of said axles, a reversible scoop earried by said frame and adapted to assume,

either forward or rearward scooping positions, means for engaging said scoop adjaf cent the cutting edge thereoiC when in forward scooping position, and separate ii fans for engaging said scoop adjacent the cnt ting edge thereof when in rearward scoopiiig position.

8. ln an earth working` apparatus, Va li'raiiie mounted upon wheeled axles and adapted to be moved in either forward or rearward directions, a scoop carried by said iframe and adapted to assume either forward or rearward scoopinp,- position, a pair ot drag; hooks adapted to engage said scoop when in forward scooping` position, a second pair ot drag hooks adapted to engage said scoop when in rearwzird scooping position, said frame being pivotally connected at each end thereof to said axles', locking means carried by said frame at each end thereof and adapted to prevent pivotal `increment ot' said axles with respect to said raiiie, and means connecting said locking means whereby hut one thereof is rendered operative atI ay time.

t). .ln scoopiiig apparatus, a scoop-supporting frame, axles pivoi'ally connected to the opposite ends ot' said iframe by iiieafiis of a king-holt, and means 1for lockingsaid axles against pivotal movement 'with respect to said frame.

1U. ln scooping apparatus, a scoop-supporting frame. axles pirotally connected to the opposite ends ot said trame hy means ot' a horizontally disposed king-holt, and pivote'd means for locking one oi' said axles against pivotal movement with respect to said traine.

il. in scoopingi apparatus, a scoop-snpporting frame, axles pii'otall; connected to ,the oppositev ends oi said irame. and means for lockingsaid axles :ipjaiiisiapivotal iiioi'enient with respect to said traine, said means' innig lint one oli and axles to he locked 1,05

n uw nil alii ment oli the le, i i peet to nie trame. and means connecting' said locking; means whereby but one thereotis rendered opera- 

